Prambanan Temple is the largest Hindu temple in Indonesia. To this day, it is not known for certain when and by whom this temple was built, but it is believed that the Prambanan temple was built by a king of the Sanjaya dynasty, i.e. Rajabalitung Mahasambu, around the middle of his 9th century. strongly suspected. This estimate is based on the contents of the Siwagla inscription found around Prambanan and now preserved in the National Museum of Jakarta. The inscription, dated 778 Saka (856 AD), was written during the reign of Rakai Pikatan.
The original plan of Prambanan Temple is rectangular and consists of an outer courtyard and his three courtyards: Jabba (outer courtyard), Tengahan (courtyard) and Ngerong (inner courtyard). The outside courtyard is an open area surrounding the outside courtyard. The outer courtyard is rectangular and covers an area of 390 m2. This courtyard was once surrounded by stone walls, but now lies in ruins.
The outside courtyard was now an empty courtyard. It is not yet known whether there were buildings or other decorations in this courtyard. In the middle of the outer courtyard there is a second courtyard or courtyard with a rectangular area of 222 m2. The courtyard was once surrounded by a stone wall, but now it has collapsed. This courtyard he consists of four terraced terraces, the deeper the higher. The lowest terrace, the First Terrace, is lined with 68 smaller temples, divided into four rows by connecting streets between the courtyard doors. There are 60 temples on the second terrace, 52 temples on the third terrace, and 44 temples on the fourth or top terrace. The courtyard temples are all of the same shape and size, with a plan area of 6 square meters and a height of 14 meters. What remains are ruins.
The courtyard is the highest courtyard and is considered the most sacred place. This courtyard is a rectangular plane with an area of 110 m2 and a height of about 1.5 m above the surface of the upper terrace of the courtyard. The garden is surrounded by stucco and stone walls. There are gates in the shape of Paduraksa gates on all four sides. Today only the south gate remains. In front of each gate at the top of the courtyard is a pair of small temples with a square plane measuring 1.5 square meters and 4 meters high.
The courtyard is lined with two rows of temples in the north-south direction. The western row has three temples facing east. The northernmost temple is the Vishnu temple, the central Shiva temple and the southern Brahma temple. There are also three west-facing temples in the eastern row. These three temples are called vehicle temples. This is because each temple is named after an animal that is the vehicle of the deity in front of the temple.
Opposite the Vishnu Temple is the Garuda Temple, opposite the Shiva Temple is the Nandi (Cow) Temple, and opposite the Brahma Temple is the Swan Temple. Thus, these six temples face each other to form a passageway. Vishnu Temple, Brahma Temple, Ansa Temple, Garuda Temple and Nandi Temple are of the same shape and size, square planes of 15 square meters and 25 meters high. in the
